Mohammad Ali Jinnah (December 25, 1876 –September 11, 1948) was a 20th-century lawyer, politician, statesman, and founder of Pakistan. He is popularly and officially known in Pakistan as Quaid-e-Azam (“Great Leader”) and (“Father of the Nation”).
Jinnah served as leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan’s independence on August 14, 1947, and Pakistan’s first Governor-General from August 15, 1947, until his death on September 11, 1948. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress initially expounding ideas of Hindu-Muslim unity and helping shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress, he also became a key leader in the All India Home Rule League. He proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims in a self-governing India.